Feature

The Scottish Reformers

Photo - Veer

How did one Frenchman, John Calvin, who died basically a refugee in a foreign city and was buried in an unmarked grave, come to have his name and thought so closely associated with Scotland? For generations, Scottish Presbyterianism has been seen as Calvinist or Calvinian. The origins of this association have centered at the popular level around John Knox's great praise of John Calvin's work in Geneva in those now virtually immortal words: “The most perfect school of Christ that ever was in the earth since the days of the Apostles.” Knox's time in Geneva was certainly of paramount importance for shaping his vision for reformation in Scotland.

The tracing of the influence of Calvin upon Scotland's Reformation and subsequent generations is sometimes easy to identify and at other times more complex. The reality is that there were diversities within the Calvinian family due in part to national contexts and the personalities and limitations of the locations.

Reconciled to God

photo by Sara Jewell

At one o'clock in the afternoon, there is a knock on the door of the one-storey white house. Several men in their twenties and thirties walk in. They are dressed similarly, in jeans and white or light blue T-shirts. Carol Smith comes out of her office and greets the men with a wide smile. “Hi, guys,” she says. “Come on in.”

One of the men walks up to her. He is six inches taller than Smith and his chest is wide and thick. He wraps two muscled arms around her, the sleeves of his light blue T-shirt riding up to reveal heavy, colourful tattoos on his solid biceps. Without saying a word, he squeezes her. “It's good to see you, James,” she replies, hugging him back.

One in the Spirit

Deborah Ssengendo and Rev. Sam Lwere in Hamilton, photo by Peter Kennedy

Sam and Deborah's faces shone with such energy and excitement, it was hard to believe that just three days before they had travelled all the way from Uganda as guests of St. Cuthbert's, Hamilton, Ont. Somehow I had expected them to appear more careworn. Both were leaving behind heavy responsibilities – Rev. Sam Lwere is the minister of St. Stephen's Anglican in Mpererwe, Uganda, and Deborah Ssengendo is chair of the Good Samaritan Orphan Aid Project, which provides a stable environment for children orphaned by the AIDS pandemic. Yet here, at a party given in their honour, his face glowing, a compactly built Sam knelt on the floor, skillfully demonstrating to us an African game, while Deborah, dressed elegantly in a long fall-dappled gown, settled comfortably on the couch and chatted with our minister Cathy Stewart-Kroeker.

Journey to the Centre of our Faiths

Herod's Palace, Caesarea

For many years, especially after performing the hajj in Saudi Arabia, I had a passionate desire to visit Jerusalem. For me, it became all the more urgent because in my interfaith work, I speak about Judaism, Christianity, and Islam flowing from the same source and that despite our differences and challenges, we are the children of Abraham.

And, when we ask, God answers. All of a sudden there was an opportunity to go. My husband and I decided that a visit to the Holy Land must be shared with those who have similar dreams. So we invited our dear friends Jim Evans, a United Church minister, and his wife Karen to come along.

Teaching the Teaching Elders

John Calvin arrived at his convictions concerning the need for a learned leadership honestly. In the first place, Calvin himself was a thoughtful and thoroughly educated minister. In addition to his training as a lawyer, he was steeped in the best of Christian humanist learning. And he was a reformer who understood the importance of education in consolidating the gains of the Protestant Reformation in Geneva. Above all else, he thought this meant that the people of God needed to know their Bibles. Catechizing, or teaching, became paramount because the Christian citizens of Geneva were expected to have more than a passing acquaintance with holy scripture and the doctrines of the Reformed faith.

Service with a Smile

Warren Whittaker

As I enter my 30th year in service in the inner city of Winnipeg, it is becoming easier for me to reflect upon how God's call for me to enter and continue in diaconal ministry was a perfect match for the gifts that our Creator had granted me.

But it wasn't a straight line. I was first a Grade 4 school teacher in rural Saskatchewan, then worked for a large pharmaceutical company as a medical representative. And then my minister mentioned Ewart College to me, which in the 1970s was our denomination's college for training women and men for a life in the field of professional Christian education.

Real Happy to Give

istockphoto

Rev. Cheol Soon Park's challenge to the church is timely, relevant and very inspirational. He said there is a great demand for change within the local church. “Change is not an option anymore, it is an imperative … it is time to change our understanding of church, ministry and worship service.” His profound words were like apples of gold in pictures of silver. His idea is to challenge every session, minister and member to start one thing new this year. One thing that is necessary yet has never been tried for various reasons. He wants each local church to start one thing that would convey the message we are willing to change and serve.

Breaking the Silence

illustration by Michelle Thompson

The sign outside an Ontario church read, “We're too blessed to be depressed.” The author of the sentiment almost certainly meant to encourage gratitude, but the truth is the message betrayed a sad fact about many of our congregations: we do not understand mental illness and we do not appreciate how deeply it is affecting the life of the church. Not only are people in the pew suffering, but our clergy show alarming statistics of depression and anxiety disorders.

Mental illness in Canada is on the rise, and according to the Canadian Mental Health Association, one in five Canadians will develop a mental illness in their lifetime. Among the most common are depression and anxiety disorders, and the World Health Organization estimates that by the year 2020, depression will be second only to heart disease as the leading global cause of disability and mortality. This is no small matter to be kept under wraps; the economic, personal and social costs of mental health problems are immense. It has been estimated that the cost of lost productivity due to workplace mental illness in Canada is in excess of $30 billion per year. Mental health issues can also lead to strained relationships at work and at home, erosion of self-esteem, and for some, even suicide.

Breaking the Silence : Startling Numbers

The Centre for Clergy Care and Congregational Health conducted the study Clergy Well-Being: Seeking Wholeness with Integrity in June 2003 under the guidance of Rev. Dr. Andrew Irvine. In addition to focus groups, the study examined responses from 338 clergy from the six major protestant denominations in Ontario: United, Anglican, Presbyterian, Evangelical Lutheran, the Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec, and the Pentecostal Assemblies.

Help My Unbelief

Richard Goerg/istockphoto

But as our faith is slight and feeble unless propped up on all sides and sustained in every means, it trembles, wavers, totters, and at last gives way. Here [in the Sacraments] our Lord … condescends to lead us to Himself even by these earthly elements, and to set before us in the flesh a mirror of spiritual blessings.
– Institutes

It is tempting to give what little space we have in this overview of Calvin on the sacraments to abstract discussions about the mode of Christ's presence in the elements. Such discussions have their importance, and very often profound theological matters are at stake in them. However, we mustn't lose sight of Calvin's abiding interest in the sacraments as God's accommodation to human weakness for the sake of establishing and building up the church in faith. Water and wine and bread paint a graphic picture (clearer than the spoken word) of the mercy and grace of God. “The supper is given to us as a mirror in which we may contemplate Jesus Christ crucified to deliver us from damnation and risen again to procure righteousness and eternal life for us.” (Short Treatise on the Lord's Supper, 1541).

Curriculum : The Church Must Teach – Or Die!

Sixty years ago this fall, the Presbyterian Church USA's Christian Faith and Life Curriculum was launched. It became the most successful Christian education program in the history of American Protestantism. In his A Religious History of the American People, the eminent historian Sydney Ahlstrom gives this program pride of place in his discussion of the impact of neo-orthodoxy, the movement initiated by the renowned Swiss theologian Karl Barth, on the American churches in the 1940s and 1950s. Neo-orthodoxy, he notes, moved into the seminaries and from the seminaries into the churches and then into its Sunday schools.

Curriculum : Young Children and Worship

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“This is the best program I know that provides a spiritually formative setting which is age-appropriate for young children,” says Marcia Floding, a Christian education consultant for the Reformed Church in America, of Young Children and Worship, a curriculum used internationally including the Presbyterian Church in Canada.

“Young children are tactile, they love to play, they are concrete, yet they are capable of experiencing God and knowing Him. Children and Worship takes into account what children are, and presents the spiritual nurture they need at their development level.”

Meeting inmates with love

photo - Guillermo Perales/istockphoto

Wendy Murchy, Terry Richardson and Arn Main have spent a lot of time in jail. Their experiences behind bars have had a profound impact on their lives – and on their faith.

But they are not inmates; they are three individuals who have been called to the ministry of prison chaplaincy. Rev. Terry Richardson is a Lutheran minister who is presently serving as the Director-General of Chaplaincy for Corrections Services Canada in Ottawa; Rev. Wendy Murchy is a Protestant (Pentecostal) chaplain in the Fraser Valley Institution for women in British Columbia; and Rev. Arn Main is a Protestant (Christian Missionary Alliance) chaplain in the Beaver Creek Institution outside of Gravenhurst, Ont.

Calvinism and Mission

Roel Smart/istockphoto

Upon … hearing this news, the church of Geneva at once gave thanks to God for the extension of the reign of Jesus Christ in a country so distant and likewise so foreign and among a nation entirely without the knowledge of the true God.

The year was 1556 and there had just come to Calvin a letter which was concerned with France, but originated in Brazil. The letter asked, “Would the Genevan church send some artisans and pastors to assist a struggling French colony on Brazil's coast?” The colony, European in composition, was France's attempt to establish a foothold in a continent which Spain and Portugal had claimed entirely for themselves. But John Calvin and Geneva, sensing an opportunity to take the Christian message to the colony and through it to the native peoples of the region, said “yes” in a heartbeat.

Beyond Church Walls

Last year's General Assembly formally commended chaplains for their work and ministry. As recommended by the department of Ministry and Church Vocations, along with the Committee on Church Doctrine, the assembly agreed that ordination is not just for ministers heading off to a congregation, but to those who consider their pulpit to be in both Christian and secular institutions across Canada.

Christmas Around the World : Christmas in Taiwan

There's no Christmas in Taiwan, or at least no Christmas in the same way you think of it here. Only five per cent of the population is Christian; the rest are Buddhist or atheist, so there's no national recognition and no big celebrations. It's not a national holiday (although a party holiday happens to coincide with it) and celebrations are modest even among Christian communities.